Understanding marine and ocean weather
For many Australians, sea and surf is part of our lifestyle. About 85% of us live within 50 km of the sea. We head to the coast for work and recreation, and many industries rely on the ocean.
Most of Earth's surface is covered by oceans. These vast bodies of water are critical to sustaining life on our planet. Their complex relationship with the atmosphere helps to drive our climate and weather.
At the Bureau, we measure and model marine, coastal and ocean processes. This vital work underpins the forecasts and warnings that help keep Australians safe at the shore and on the water. Our work contributes to global understanding of our oceans and climate.
In this section, explore:
- waves and swell, how we define wave height and how to understand descriptions of wave and swell conditions
- how we measure tides and sea level, and find out about types of tides, tidal streams and tidal range
- differences between wind, gusts and squalls
- the vital role of ocean currents such as the East Australian Current, and how water moves around the ocean
- why we measure sea temperatures and what causes marine heatwaves
- international systems that help countries provide maritime safety information, and maps for services we deliver. See our Marine weather service areas page.

Understanding marine weather helps Australians make vital safety decisions, such as when it's safe to leave harbour